{"id":3823,"date":"2019-06-04T05:42:01","date_gmt":"2019-06-04T05:42:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=3823"},"modified":"2020-05-07T02:09:59","modified_gmt":"2020-05-07T02:09:59","slug":"common-microstructures-of-metal-and-alloy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/common-microstructures-of-metal-and-alloy\/","title":{"rendered":"8 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vgblk-rw-wrapper limit-wrapper\">\n<p>Modern materials can be divided into four categories: metals, polymers, ceramics and composite materials. Despite the rapid development of macromolecule materials, steel is still the most widely used and most important material in the current engineering technology. What factors determine the dominant position of steel materials? 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class=\"wp-image-3824\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/500X-Industrial-Rolled-Pure-Iron-500X-annealed-Ferrite.png 830w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/500X-Industrial-Rolled-Pure-Iron-500X-annealed-Ferrite-630x228.png 630w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/500X-Industrial-Rolled-Pure-Iron-500X-annealed-Ferrite-300x108.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/500X-Industrial-Rolled-Pure-Iron-500X-annealed-Ferrite-768x278.png 768w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/500X-Industrial-Rolled-Pure-Iron-500X-annealed-Ferrite-420x152.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/500X-Industrial-Rolled-Pure-Iron-500X-annealed-Ferrite-315x114.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 830px) 100vw, 830px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2161.\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a. \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 A. \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 2.11% C \u0639\u0646\u062f 1148 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 0.77% C \u0639\u0646\u062f 727 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 170-220 HBS\u060c = 40-50%. \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 TRIP \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0632 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"539\" height=\"570\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Austenite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3825\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Austenite.png 539w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Austenite-284x300.png 284w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Austenite-420x444.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Austenite-315x333.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 539px) 100vw, 539px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2162. \u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 Fe3C \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 6.69%\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 (Fe, M) 3C \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 800HB. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"577\" height=\"324\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Cementite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3826\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Cementite.png 577w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Cementite-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Cementite-420x236.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Cementite-315x177.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 577px) 100vw, 577px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 P. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630. \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"574\" height=\"426\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Pearlite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3827\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Pearlite.png 574w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Pearlite-300x223.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Pearlite-420x312.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Pearlite-315x234.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0623. \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639: \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639: \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u062e\u0634\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"571\" height=\"425\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3829\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-1.png 571w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-1-300x223.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-1-420x313.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-1-315x234.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 571px) 100vw, 571px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 MS \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 B. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a B) \u0648\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a (\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a B). \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629. \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"574\" height=\"391\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Spherical-pearlite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3831\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Spherical-pearlite.png 574w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Spherical-pearlite-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Spherical-pearlite-420x286.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Spherical-pearlite-315x215.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a: <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 (\u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a: <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629\u0647 \u0647\u0648 55-60 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"583\" height=\"485\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/feathery-bainite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3832\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/feathery-bainite.png 583w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/feathery-bainite-300x250.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/feathery-bainite-420x349.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/feathery-bainite-315x262.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a: <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0630\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u063a\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a. \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u0637) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(2) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"556\" height=\"330\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lower-bainite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3833\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lower-bainite.png 556w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lower-bainite-300x178.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lower-bainite-420x249.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Lower-bainite-315x187.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 556px) 100vw, 556px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(3) \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a (\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u063a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646). \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0634\u0631 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 55 ~ 60 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VI. WEISHER&#8217;S TISSUE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 Widmanstatten \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 60 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630. \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 Widmanstatten \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631. \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 Widmanstatten. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"657\" height=\"496\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/WEISHERS-TISSUE.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3834\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/WEISHERS-TISSUE.png 657w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/WEISHERS-TISSUE-630x476.png 630w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/WEISHERS-TISSUE-300x226.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/WEISHERS-TISSUE-420x317.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/WEISHERS-TISSUE-315x238.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 657px) 100vw, 657px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2166.\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Martensite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3835\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0631. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 M. Martensite \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u062a\u064a MS \u0648Mf. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (\u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643) \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647) \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d (\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"571\" height=\"385\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/lath-martensite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3836\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/lath-martensite.png 571w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/lath-martensite-300x202.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/lath-martensite-420x283.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/lath-martensite-315x212.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 571px) 100vw, 571px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623. \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d: <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a. \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0645\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;\u0628. \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p> \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645. \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"575\" height=\"361\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/troostite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3837\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/troostite.png 575w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/troostite-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/troostite-420x264.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/troostite-315x198.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;\u062c. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(\u0637) \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0641\u0641: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>the composite of sheet martensite formed during quenching (with a crystal structure of tetragonal body center) which is decomposed in the first stage of tempering, in which carbon is desolved in the form of transition carbides, and extremely fine transition carbide sheets dispersed in the solid solution matrix (whose crystal structure has changed into body-centered cube) (the interface with the matrix is a coherent interface) Phase structure. this kind of structure can not distinguish its internal structure even when magnified to the maximum magnification under metallographic (optical) microscope, only can see that its whole structure is black needle (the shape of black needle is basically the same as that of white needle formed during quenching). This kind of black needle is called &#8220;tempered martensite&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"571\" height=\"425\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3838\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-2.png 571w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-2-300x223.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-2-420x313.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Tempered-troostite-2-315x234.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 571px) 100vw, 571px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(2) \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0641\u0641: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636 (\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"504\" height=\"377\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/tempered-sorbite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3839\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/tempered-sorbite.png 504w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/tempered-sorbite-300x224.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/tempered-sorbite-420x314.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/tempered-sorbite-315x236.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0649: <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0647\u064a: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623. \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2167.\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"571\" height=\"348\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3840\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite.png 571w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite-300x183.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite-420x256.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite-315x192.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 571px) 100vw, 571px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The eutectic mixtures in FERROCARBON alloys, i.e. liquid FERROCARBON alloys with a mass fraction of carbon (carbon content) of 4.3%, are called ledeburite when the mechanical mixtures of austenite and cementite crystallize simultaneously from the liquid at 1480 degrees Celsius. Since austenite transforms into pearlite at 727 C, ledeburite is composed of pearlite and cementite at room temperature. In order to distinguish the ledeburite above 727 C is called high-temperature ledeburite (L d), and the ledeburite below 727 C is called low-temperature ledeburite (L&#8217;d). The properties of ledeburite are similar to those of cementite with high hardness and poor plasticity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"570\" height=\"399\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3841\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite-1.png 570w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite-1-300x210.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite-1-420x294.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Ledeburite-1-315x221.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><!-- .vgblk-rw-wrapper -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modern materials can be divided into four categories: metals, polymers, ceramics and composite materials. Despite the rapid development of macromolecule materials, steel is still the most widely used and most important material in the current engineering technology. What factors determine the dominant position of steel materials? Now let&#8217;s introduce it in detail. Iron and steel&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19470,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/1-6.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3823"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3823"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3823\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19470"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3823"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3823"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3823"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}