{"id":20230,"date":"2020-12-29T03:17:07","date_gmt":"2020-12-29T03:17:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=20230"},"modified":"2020-12-29T03:21:43","modified_gmt":"2020-12-29T03:21:43","slug":"how-the-concept-of-fatigue-was-created-and-some-thing-have-to-know-about-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%85%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%a7%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%a5%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a8-%e0%a4%ac%e0%a4%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0917\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092c\u093e\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vgblk-rw-wrapper limit-wrapper\">\n<p><strong>\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 (HL) \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940, 1954 \u0915\u094b BOAC \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0927\u0942\u092e\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092c\u093e \u0938\u0947 7800 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0916\u0930 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>On April 8, another &#8220;comet&#8221; of BOAC crashed into the bay of Naples, Italy, killing 21 people on board. So far, all comets have been grounded.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0927\u0942\u092e\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091d\u0915\u091d\u094b\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0916 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0928\u094c\u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0948\u0915\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092c\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0932\u092c\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092c\u093e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0947\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092d\u0947\u091c\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u0949\u092f\u0932 \u090f\u092f\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0930\u093f\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0907\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0947\u091c \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0947\u092b\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0940\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u092c\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092b\u0947\u092b\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092b\u091f \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092b\u0947\u092b\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0932\u092c\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094b\u0930\u0925\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0940\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0936\u0935 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u0921\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0916\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 9000 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u091a\u0932\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0940\u0902, \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0932\u092c\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>According to the research and analysis of the technicians, the accident was caused by the &#8220;fatigue&#8221; of the metal materials used to make the aircraft body structure.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0935\u0948\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924, \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915, \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Under the impact of repeated pressurization and decompression, the skin at the square porthole of comet aircraft deforms and cracks, which eventually leads to metal fatigue fracture. As the first kind of jetliner in the world, &#8220;comet&#8221; flies faster than other jetliners, and naturally bears more pressure, which makes it easier to cause metal fatigue.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Thus, through the investigation of the comet accident, a new subject &#8211; &#8220;fatigue mechanics&#8221; was born<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0906\u091c \u0939\u092e \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947: \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1\uff09 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930: \u092f\u0939 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928, \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u090f\u0938\u090f\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0926\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>For metal materials with strain aging, such as carbon steel and ductile iron, when the cyclic stress level drops to a certain critical value, the low stress section becomes a horizontal section, which indicates that the specimen can undergo infinite stress cycles without fatigue fracture. Therefore, the corresponding stress is called fatigue limit, which is denoted as \u03c3 &#8211; 1 (symmetric cycle, r = &#8211; 1).<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 107 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u0902\u0924 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f 107 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0928\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0932, \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0938\u090f\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0948\u0924\u093f\u091c \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0936\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e, \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2\uff09 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930, \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u091d\u0941\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0918\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u091d\u0941\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u090f\u0938\u090f\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 (\u092a\u0930\u093f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928) \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 3-4 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 5 \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u093e (\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0930 50%) \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The median S-N curve with a survival rate of 50% can be obtained by using the \u03c3 &#8211; 1 measured by the ascending and descending method as the lowest stress level point of the S-N curve and fitting it with the results measured by the group test method into a straight line or curve.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff083\uff09 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u091d\u0941\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"483\" height=\"221\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72471-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20231\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72471-2.png 483w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72471-2-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72471-2-420x192.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72471-2-315x144.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 483px) 100vw, 483px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4\uff09 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940, \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0909\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0948\u0916\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>When \u03c3 B is low, it can be approximately written as \u03c3 &#8211; 1 = \u03c3 B.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u091c\u092c \u092c\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0930\u0948\u0916\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0914\u0930 <a>\u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e <\/a>\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u0908 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff081\uff09 \u03c3 a &#8211; \u03c3 m fatigue diagram<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"479\" height=\"374\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72472-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20234\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72472-2.png 479w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72472-2-300x234.png 300w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72472-2-420x328.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72472-2-315x246.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 479px) 100vw, 479px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Under the condition of different stress ratio R, the fatigue limit \u03c3 r expressed by \u03c3 Max is decomposed into \u03c3 A and \u03c3 m, and the fatigue diagram of \u03c3 a &#8211; \u03c3 m is obtained by making ABC curve in the coordinate system.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff082\uff09 \u03c3 max (\u03c3 min) &#8211; \u03c3 m fatigue diagram<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"476\" height=\"491\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72473-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20233\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72473-4.png 476w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72473-4-291x300.png 291w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72473-4-420x433.png 420w, https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72473-4-315x325.png 315w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u03c3 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e (\u03c3 \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f) \u0914\u0930 \u03c3 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u090f\u090f\u091a\u092c\u0940 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0906\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924\u0964 &nbsp;<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u092f\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 &nbsp;<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091a\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948: \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u094b \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u0907\u0938 \u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948) \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 .<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u091c\u092c \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0924\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0921\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940, \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0927\u0940\u0930\u091c \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e (\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f) \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e, \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0926\u092e, \u0915\u094b\u0928\u0947, \u0915\u0940\u0935\u0947, \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u091b\u0947\u0926, \u0927\u093e\u0917\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0917\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0926\u094b \u091a\u0930\u092e \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u090f) \u0915\u0947\u090f\u092b = \u0915\u0947\u091f\u0940, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d, \u0928\u094b\u0915\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u091a\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e QF = 1, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(b) KF = 1, \u03c3 &#8211; 1 = \u03c3 &#8211; 1n, the notch does not reduce the fatigue limit, which indicates that the stress has a great redistribution in the fatigue process, the stress concentration effect is completely eliminated, QF = 0, the notch sensitivity of the material is the smallest.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f, QF \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928: \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902; \u0915\u093e\u0928 \u091f\u0942\u091f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0915\u092e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u0942\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><!-- .vgblk-rw-wrapper -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The concept of fatigue limit curve (HL) was first proposed when solving the fatigue limit curve of the rear axle. On January 10, 1954, a comet of BOAC disintegrated 7800 meters above Elba, Italy. On April 8, another &#8220;comet&#8221; of BOAC crashed into the bay of Naples, Italy, killing 21 people on board. So far,&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":20231,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/\u56fe\u72471-2.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20230"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20230"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20230\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20231"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}