{"id":13665,"date":"2019-09-05T03:33:02","date_gmt":"2019-09-05T03:33:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=13665"},"modified":"2020-05-07T01:17:01","modified_gmt":"2020-05-07T01:17:01","slug":"characteristics-and-differences-of-quenching-crack-and-forging-crack","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/su-verme-catlak-ve-catlak-ozellikleri-ve-farklari\/","title":{"rendered":"SANDIRMA \u00c7ATISI VE D\u00d6VME \u00c7ATLAKLARININ \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 VE FARKLARI"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

S\u00f6nd\u00fcrme \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131, bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn neden oldu\u011fu yayg\u0131n bir s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme kusurudur. Is\u0131l i\u015flemin kusurlar\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn tasar\u0131m\u0131 ile ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u00e7atlaklar\u0131 \u00f6nleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn tasar\u0131m\u0131 ile ba\u015flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Malzemeleri do\u011fru se\u00e7mek ve rasyonel olarak yap\u0131lar\u0131 tasarlamak, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem i\u00e7in uygun teknik gereksinimleri ortaya koymak, teknolojik rotay\u0131 uygun \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlemek, makul \u0131s\u0131tma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bekleme s\u00fcresini, \u0131s\u0131tma ortam\u0131n\u0131, so\u011futma ortam\u0131n\u0131, so\u011futma y\u00f6ntemini ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma modunu vb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malzeme y\u00f6n\u00fc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Karbon, s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme e\u011filimini etkileyen \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Karbon i\u00e7eri\u011finin artmas\u0131 ile MS noktas\u0131 azal\u0131r ve s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme e\u011filimi artar. Bu nedenle, sertlik ve mukavemet gibi temel \u00f6zelliklerin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla, s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmenin kolay olmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbon i\u00e7eri\u011fi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca se\u00e7ilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Ala\u015f\u0131m elementlerinin s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme e\u011filimi \u00fczerindeki etkisi esas olarak sertle\u015febilirlik, MS noktas\u0131, tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fcme e\u011filimi ve dekarbonizasyon \u00fczerindeki etkiye yans\u0131r. Ala\u015f\u0131m elementleri sertle\u015febilirli\u011fi etkileyerek su verme e\u011filimini etkiler. Genel olarak, sertle\u015febilirlik artar ve \u00e7atlama kabiliyeti artar, fakat sertle\u015febilirlik artt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, zay\u0131f so\u011futma kabiliyetine sahip s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme ortam\u0131, karma\u015f\u0131k par\u00e7alar\u0131n deformasyonunu ve \u00e7atlamas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme deformasyonunu azaltmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Bu nedenle, karma\u015f\u0131k par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in, s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme \u00e7atlaklar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in, iyi sertle\u015febilirli\u011fe sahip \u00e7eli\u011fi se\u00e7mek ve zay\u0131f so\u011futma kapasitesine sahip s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme ortam\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak daha iyi bir \u015femad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genel olarak, MS ne kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olursa, s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme e\u011filimi o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olur. MS noktas\u0131 y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funda, transformasyonla olu\u015fan martensit hemen kendi kendine temperlenebilir, b\u00f6ylece transformasyon stresinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r ve s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme olu\u015fumunu \u00f6nler. Bu nedenle, karbon i\u00e7eri\u011fi belirlendi\u011finde, az miktarda ala\u015f\u0131m elementleri se\u00e7ilmeli veya MS noktas\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok az etkisi olan elementler i\u00e7eren \u00e7elik dereceleri se\u00e7ilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u00c7elik se\u00e7erken a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 hassasiyeti dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmaya duyarl\u0131 \u00e7elik \u00e7atlaklara e\u011filimlidir, bu nedenle malzeme se\u00e7imine dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par\u00e7alar\u0131n Yap\u0131sal Tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. D\u00fczg\u00fcn kesit boyutu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Is\u0131l i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u00e7 stres nedeniyle keskin bir \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015fen kesit boyutuna sahip par\u00e7alarda \u00e7atlaklar meydana gelir. Bu nedenle, tasar\u0131mda kesit boyutunun ani de\u011fi\u015fiminden m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Duvar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u015fit olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Gerekirse, kullan\u0131mla do\u011frudan ili\u015fkisi olmayan kal\u0131n duvarl\u0131 par\u00e7alarda a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klar yap\u0131labilir. Delikler m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca ge\u00e7melidir. Farkl\u0131 kal\u0131nl\u0131klara sahip par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 tasar\u0131m yap\u0131labilir ve daha sonra \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemden sonra monte edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Yuvarlak k\u00f6\u015fe ge\u00e7i\u015fi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par\u00e7alar\u0131n kenarlar\u0131, keskin k\u00f6\u015feleri, oluklar\u0131 ve enine delikleri oldu\u011funda, bu par\u00e7alar stres konsantrasyonuna e\u011filimlidir ve par\u00e7alar\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesine yol a\u00e7ar. Bu nedenle, par\u00e7alar stres konsantrasyonundan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca tasarlanmal\u0131 ve keskin k\u00f6\u015felerde ve basamaklarda yuvarlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u00f6\u015felere i\u015flenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u015fekil fakt\u00f6r\u00fc neden so\u011futma h\u0131z\u0131 fark\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00f6nd\u00fcrme s\u0131ras\u0131nda par\u00e7alar\u0131n so\u011futma h\u0131z\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131n \u015fekline g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Ayn\u0131 par\u00e7an\u0131n farkl\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda bile, so\u011futma oran\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir. Bu nedenle, s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 so\u011futma farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Is\u0131l \u0130\u015flem i\u00e7in Teknik Ko\u015fullar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca yerel su verme veya y\u00fczey sertle\u015ftirme kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. S\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n yerel sertli\u011fini, par\u00e7alar\u0131n servis ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re makul \u015fekilde ayarlamak. Yerel s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme sertli\u011fi gereksinimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funda, genel sertli\u011fi ayn\u0131 olmaya zorlamamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u00c7eli\u011fin kalite etkisine dikkat edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u0130lk t\u00fcr tavlama gevrek b\u00f6lgesinde temperlemekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Proses yolu ve proses parametrelerinin makul \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmesi: \u00c7elik par\u00e7alar\u0131n malzeme, yap\u0131 ve teknik ko\u015fullar\u0131 belirlendikten sonra, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem teknisyenleri makul bir proses rotas\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek, yani konumunu do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde ayarlamak i\u00e7in proses analizi yapacakt\u0131r. \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem haz\u0131rlama, so\u011fuk i\u015fleme ve s\u0131cak i\u015fleme ve \u0131s\u0131tma parametrelerini belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su Verme \u00c7atlamas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.500X'de \u00e7atlak t\u0131rt\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7taki \u00e7atlak geni\u015ftir ve sondaki k\u0131r\u0131k \u00e7izgileri hi\u00e7biri i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fildir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. Mikroskobik analiz: anormal metalurjik inkl\u00fczyonlar, \u00e7atlak morfolojisi zikzak uzant\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r; 4% nitrik asit alkol ile korozyondan sonra, dekarbonizasyon fenomeni yoktur, mikroskopik morfoloji a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"dekarbonizasyon<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1 # \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7atlaklarda anormal metalurjik inkl\u00fczyon ve dekarbonizasyon bulunmad\u0131. \u00c7atlaklar zikzak \u015feklinde uzan\u0131r ve s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n\u0131n tipik \u00f6zelliklerine sahiptir.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"su<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2 # \u00d6rnekleri<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Analitik sonu\u00e7lar:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Numunenin bile\u015fimi standard\u0131n gerekliliklerini kar\u015f\u0131lar ve orijinal f\u0131r\u0131n numaras\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Mikroskobik analize g\u00f6re, numunelerin \u00e7atlaklar\u0131nda anormal metalurjik inkl\u00fczyonlar ve dekarbonizasyon bulunmad\u0131. \u00c7atlaklar zikzak \u015feklinde uzan\u0131r ve s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n\u0131n tipik \u00f6zelliklerine sahiptir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6vme \u00e7atlaklar\u0131<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Tipik malzeme nedenlerinden dolay\u0131 oksit kenarl\u0131 \u00e7atlaklar.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Mikroskobik g\u00f6zlem<\/strong><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \"Mikroskobik<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    • Mikroskobik g\u00f6zlem<\/strong><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Y\u00fczey beyaz\u0131 parlak tabaka ikincil s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f tabaka olmal\u0131 ve ikincil s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f tabaka alt\u0131ndaki koyu siyah tabaka y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta temperlenmi\u015f tabaka olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Dekarb\u00fcrizasyonlu \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n hammadde \u00e7atlaklar\u0131ndan ay\u0131rt edilmesi gerekti\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Genel olarak, dekarb\u00fcrizasyon derinli\u011fi y\u00fczey dekarb\u00fcrizasyon derinli\u011finden b\u00fcy\u00fck veya ona e\u015fit olan d\u00f6vme \u00e7atlaklar\u0131 hammadde \u00e7atlaklar\u0131 ve dekarb\u00fcrizasyon derinli\u011fi y\u00fczey dekarburizasyon derinli\u011finden daha az olan d\u00f6vme \u00e7atlaklar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      <\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Quenching crack is a common quenching defect, which is caused by many factors. Because the defects of heat treatment begin with product design, the work of preventing cracks should start with product design. It is necessary to select materials correctly and design structures rationally, put forward appropriate technical requirements for heat treatment, properly arrange technological…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19444,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13665"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13665"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13665\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}