{"id":13683,"date":"2019-09-12T01:41:10","date_gmt":"2019-09-12T01:41:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=13683"},"modified":"2020-05-07T07:37:18","modified_gmt":"2020-05-07T07:37:18","slug":"characteristics-and-application-of-common-bearing-materials","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/characteristics-and-application-of-common-bearing-materials\/","title":{"rendered":"Ortak Rulman Malzemelerinin \u00d6zellikleri ve Uygulamas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Hepimizin bildi\u011fi gibi piyasada pek \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fit rulman malzemesi bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7 t\u00fcr ortak yatak malzemesi vard\u0131r: metal malzemeler, g\u00f6zenekli metal malzemeler ve meta malzeme olmayan malzemeler.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Metal Malzemeler<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Rulman ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, bronz, al\u00fcminyum bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131mlar, \u00e7inko bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131mlar vb. hepsi metal malzemelerdir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda, beyaz ala\u015f\u0131mlar olarak da bilinen rulman ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck ve y\u00fcksek h\u0131z ko\u015fullar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dayan\u0131ma sahip olan esas olarak kur\u015fun, kalay, antimon veya di\u011fer metallerin ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun nedeni, iyi a\u015f\u0131nma direnci, y\u00fcksek plastisite, iyi al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma performans\u0131, iyi termal iletkenlik, iyi tutkal direnci ve ya\u011f ile iyi adsorpsiyon gibi \u00f6zelliklerinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak fiyat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 nedeniyle bronz, \u00e7elik \u015ferit veya d\u00f6kme demir yatak burcu \u00fczerine d\u00f6k\u00fclerek daha ince bir kaplama olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rulman ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Rulman ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 kalay, kur\u015fun, antimon ve bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131d\u0131r. Kalay veya kur\u015fun bazl\u0131d\u0131rlar ve sert antimon-kalay (Sb-Sn) ve bak\u0131r-kalay (Cu-Sn) taneleri i\u00e7erirler. Sert taneler a\u015f\u0131nma \u00f6nleyici bir rol oynarken, yumu\u015fak alt tabakalar malzemelerin plastisitesini artt\u0131r\u0131r. Rulman ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n elastik mod\u00fcl\u00fc ve elastik limiti \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. T\u00fcm yatak malzemeleri aras\u0131nda en iyi G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme uyumuna sahiptir. G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe girmek kolayd\u0131r ama g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0131s\u0131rmak kolay de\u011fildir. Ancak rulman ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n mukavemeti \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lamaz. Yatak balatas\u0131 i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca bronz, \u00e7elik veya d\u00f6kme demir yatak bur\u00e7lar\u0131na tak\u0131labilir. Rulman ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r hizmet, orta ve y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 uygulamalar i\u00e7in uygundur ve fiyat\u0131 nispeten pahal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek mukavemete, daha iyi s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme azalt\u0131m\u0131na ve a\u015f\u0131nma direncine sahiptir. Bronz, pirin\u00e7ten daha iyi \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir ve en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan malzemedir. Kalay bronzu, kur\u015fun bronzu ve al\u00fcminyum bronzu gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli bronz t\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r. Bunlar aras\u0131nda kalay bronzu en iyi s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme \u00f6nleme \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir ve yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte kalay bronz, rulman ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek sertli\u011fe, zay\u0131f a\u015f\u0131nmaya ve g\u00f6m\u00fclebilirli\u011fe sahiptir ve a\u011f\u0131r ve orta h\u0131zl\u0131 uygulamalar i\u00e7in uygundur. Kur\u015fun bronz g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yap\u0131\u015fma direncine sahiptir ve y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 ve a\u011f\u0131r hizmet tipi rulmanlar i\u00e7in uygundur. Al\u00fcminyum bronz, y\u00fcksek mukavemet ve sertli\u011fe ve zay\u0131f yap\u0131\u015fma direncine sahiptir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zl\u0131 ve a\u011f\u0131r hizmet tipi rulmanlar i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al\u00fcminyum bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Al\u00fcminyum bazl\u0131 rulman ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 iyi korozyon direncine, y\u00fcksek yorulma mukavemetine ve iyi s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme \u00f6zelliklerine sahiptir. Bu nitelikler Al bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde daha pahal\u0131 olan rulman ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ve bronzun yerini almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Al\u00fcminyum bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m, tekli metal par\u00e7alar (bur\u00e7lar, yataklar vb.) veya bimetal par\u00e7alar halinde yap\u0131labilir. Yatak astar\u0131 olarak al\u00fcminyum bazl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m, bimetal yatak bur\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fi olarak ise \u00e7elik kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bir \u00e7e\u015fit o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gri d\u00f6kme demir ve a\u015f\u0131nmaya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 d\u00f6kme demir<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Rulman malzemesi olarak s\u0131radan gri demir veya nikel, krom ve titanyum ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nmaya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 gri demir veya s\u00fcnek demir kullan\u0131labilir. Bu t\u00fcr malzemedeki pul veya k\u00fcresel grafit, malzemenin y\u00fczeyi kapland\u0131ktan sonra ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir grafit tabakas\u0131 olu\u015fturabilir, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla belirli bir s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme \u00f6nleyici ve a\u015f\u0131nma direncine sahiptir. Ayr\u0131ca grafit hidrokarbonlar\u0131 emebilir ve s\u0131n\u0131r ya\u011flama performans\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirebilir. Bu nedenle yatak malzemesi olarak gri d\u00f6kme demir kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ya\u011flama ya\u011f\u0131 ilave edilmelidir. K\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n zay\u0131f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, d\u00f6kme demir yaln\u0131zca darbe y\u00fck\u00fc olmayan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131z ve hafif y\u00fck durumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Metalik Olmayan Malzemeler<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan metalik olmayan malzemeler fenolik re\u00e7ine, naylon, politetrafloroetilen vb. gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli plastiklerdir (polimer malzemeler). Polimerin \u00f6zellikleri \u015funlard\u0131r: Pek \u00e7ok kimyasalla reaksiyona girmez ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc korozyon direncine sahiptir; belirli bir kendi kendine ya\u011flama \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir, ya\u011flamas\u0131z ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda belirli bir ya\u011flama kabiliyetine sahiptir; iyi yerle\u015fiklik; iyi s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme ve a\u015f\u0131nma direnci.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 malzeme olarak polimeri se\u00e7erken a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorunlara dikkat etmeliyiz: Polimerin \u0131s\u0131l iletkenli\u011fi \u00e7eli\u011fin yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde birka\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011ferini kesin olarak s\u0131n\u0131rlayan s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. polimer yatak. Polimerin do\u011frusal genle\u015fme katsay\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7eli\u011finkinden \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fundan, polimer yatak ile \u00e7elik muylu aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluk, metal yata\u011f\u0131nkinden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca polimer malzemelerin mukavemet ve akma s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla montaj ve i\u015fletme s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 y\u00fckleri ta\u015f\u0131yabilirler. Polimer malzemelerin oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fcnme fenomeni nedeniyle, kat\u0131 bo\u015fluk gerekliliklerine sahip rulmanlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 uygun de\u011fildir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karbon-grafit k\u00f6t\u00fc ortamlarda ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 malzeme olarak kullan\u0131labilir. Grafit i\u00e7eri\u011fi ne kadar fazla olursa malzeme o kadar yumu\u015fak olur ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131 o kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olur. Karbon-grafit malzemelerine metaller, politetrafloroetilen veya molibden dis\u00fclfit eklenebilir ve s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar da emprenye edilebilir. Karbon-grafit yataklar kendi kendine \u0131slanabilirli\u011fe sahiptir ve kendi kendine \u0131slanabilirli\u011fi ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme azalmas\u0131, adsorbe edilen su buhar\u0131 miktar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Karbon-grafitin hidrokarbon i\u00e7eren ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131larla ilgisi vard\u0131r. Ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n eklenmesi s\u0131n\u0131r ya\u011flama performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilir. Ayr\u0131ca su ya\u011flamas\u0131nda yatak malzemesi olarak da kullan\u0131labilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kau\u00e7uk a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak suyun ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7evrenin kirli oldu\u011fu alanlarda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ah\u015fap g\u00f6zenekli bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir ve dolgu ile iyile\u015ftirilebilmektedir. Dolgu polimeri boyutsal stabiliteyi art\u0131rabilir, nem emilimini azaltabilir ve ah\u015fab\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rabilir. Ah\u015faptan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f rulmanlar tozlu ko\u015fullarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6zenekli Metal Malzemeler<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Farkl\u0131 metal tozlar\u0131n\u0131n preslenip sinterlenmesiyle yap\u0131lan bir yatak malzemesidir. Bu malzeme g\u00f6zenekli bir yap\u0131d\u0131r ve bo\u015fluklar hacmin yakla\u015f\u0131k 10% ila 35%'sini olu\u015fturur. Kullanmadan \u00f6nce, yatak burcu, deli\u011fin ya\u011flama ya\u011f\u0131 ile doldurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 saat boyunca s\u0131cak ya\u011fa bat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, bu nedenle bu malzemeden yap\u0131lan yata\u011fa genellikle ya\u011f yata\u011f\u0131 denir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kendi kendine ya\u011flama \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, muylu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn emme etkisi ve yata\u011f\u0131n \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u011f\u0131n genle\u015fme etkisi nedeniyle, ya\u011f, ya\u011flamak i\u00e7in s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme y\u00fczeyine girecektir; \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u0131lcal hareket nedeniyle ya\u011f yata\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7ine geri \u00e7ekilecektir, b\u00f6ylece uzun s\u00fcre ya\u011flama ya\u011f\u0131 olmadan bile iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir. Ya\u011f d\u00fczenli olarak verilirse etki daha iyi olur. Ancak toklu\u011funun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 nedeniyle d\u00fczg\u00fcn, darbesiz y\u00fck ve orta-d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131z durumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygundur. G\u00f6zenekli demir ve g\u00f6zenekli bronz yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00f6zenekli demir genellikle de\u011firmen burcu, tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131 ya\u011f pompas\u0131 burcu, i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motor eksantrik mili burcu vb. yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6zenekli bronz genellikle fonograf\u0131n, elektrikli fan\u0131n, tekstil makinelerinin ve otomobil jenerat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn yataklar\u0131n\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde zaten ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funda tasar\u0131m k\u0131lavuzuna g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilebilen ya\u011flamal\u0131 yatak imalat\u0131 konusunda uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f fabrikalar bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toz metalurjisi malzemesi g\u00f6zenekli bir yap\u0131ya sahip olan bir t\u00fcr g\u00f6zenekli metaldir. Ya\u011flama ya\u011f\u0131na bat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mikro g\u00f6zenek ya\u011flama ya\u011f\u0131 ile doldurulur ve kendi kendini ya\u011flama \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip bir ya\u011f yata\u011f\u0131 haline gelir. G\u00f6zenekli metal malzemeler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck toklu\u011fa sahiptir ve yaln\u0131zca d\u00fczg\u00fcn, darbesiz y\u00fckler ve orta ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck h\u0131zlar i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

As we all know, there are many kinds of bearing materials in the market. There are three kinds of common bearing materials: metal materials, porous metal materials, and non-metamaterials. Metal Materials Bearing alloys, bronze, aluminum-based alloys, zinc-based alloys, etc. are all metal materials. Among them, bearing alloys, also known as white alloys, are mainly alloys of…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19663,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1-3.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13683"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13683"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13683\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13683"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13683"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13683"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}