{"id":20970,"date":"2022-02-08T00:48:49","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T00:48:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=20970"},"modified":"2022-02-08T00:49:09","modified_gmt":"2022-02-08T00:49:09","slug":"how-to-roll-high-strength-materials%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/nasil-haddelenir-yuksek-mukavemetli-malzemeler%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"Y\u00fcksek Mukavemetli Malzemeler Nas\u0131l Yuvarlan\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Y\u00fcksek mukavemetli levhan\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ekme mukavemeti 780MPa'dan b\u00fcy\u00fck olan ultra y\u00fcksek mukavemetli \u00e7eli\u011fin zay\u0131f uzamas\u0131 nedeniyle, tampon g\u00f6vdesi, anti- \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00e7ubu\u011fu, kap\u0131 e\u015fi\u011fi, koltuk ray\u0131 vb. Bununla birlikte, delikli farkl\u0131 so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f par\u00e7alar, baz\u0131 anahtarlardan ge\u00e7mesi gereken tam otomatik bir haddeleme hatt\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in on-line kesme, kaynak, otomatik kesme ve di\u011fer ekipmanlar\u0131 kullanmal\u0131d\u0131r. teknolojiler. \u00d6rneklerle birlikte bu makale, otomobil tamponu ve \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00f6nleyici \u00e7ubuk \u00fcretim ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n temel teknolojilerine odaklan\u0131r ve sizinle payla\u015f\u0131mlar ve al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fler yapar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Otomobil \u00f6zel \u015fekilli yuvarlanan par\u00e7alar\u0131n otomatik \u00fcretimine giri\u015f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Geleneksel so\u011fuk b\u00fckme \u00e7eli\u011fi e\u015fzamanl\u0131 olarak yorumlan\u0131r, genellikle iki tipe ayr\u0131l\u0131r: a\u00e7ma ve kapama. Kap\u0131 e\u015fi\u011fi ve k\u0131lavuz ray\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla a\u00e7\u0131k kesitli \u00e7eliktir ve a\u00e7\u0131k tampon g\u00f6vdesi \u00e7ok yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Geleneksel damgalama i\u015fleminin s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131 nedeniyle, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte temelde a\u00e7\u0131k profildi ve daha sonra eski Buick GL8, Jetta, Kia, Roewe 350, vb. gibi bir\u00e7ok model hala bunu kullan\u0131yor. \u015eu anda, \u00e7o\u011fu tampon g\u00f6vdesi kapal\u0131 b-kesitli \u00e7elik ve baz\u0131 yabanc\u0131 hafif ara\u00e7 uzunlamas\u0131na kiri\u015fleri de kapal\u0131 so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f \u00e7elik profil kullan\u0131r; Kap\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00f6nleyici \u00e7ubuklar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu yuvarlak borulard\u0131r ve ayr\u0131ca uzun oval ve \u00f6zel \u015fekilli \u00e7apraz kesitli \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00f6nleyici \u00e7ubuklar da vard\u0131r (bkz. \u015eekil 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u015eekil 1 kilitlenme \u00e7ubu\u011fu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kap\u0131 e\u015fi\u011fi par\u00e7alar\u0131 (bak\u0131n\u0131z \u015eekil 2) temel olarak a\u00e7\u0131k tiptir, karma\u015f\u0131k u\u00e7 \u015fekline sahiptir ve orta ve kenarlar\u0131n delinmesi veya yerel olarak i\u00e7b\u00fckey olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u015eekil 2 kap\u0131 e\u015fi\u011fi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Koltuk k\u0131lavuz ray\u0131 (bkz. \u015eekil 3) esas olarak damgalama i\u015fleminden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek mukavemetli malzemelerin kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile rulo \u015fekillendirme i\u015flemi yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir ve uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 3 koltuk ray\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silindir tamponlar\u0131 genellikle 780MPa'dan daha y\u00fcksek mukavemetli malzemelerdir ve profil nispeten karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r ve hatta baz\u0131lar\u0131 kavislidir (bkz. \u015eekil 4). Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00e7o\u011fu d\u00fczensiz deliklere sahiptir. Bireysel deliklerin do\u011fruluk gereksinimleri y\u00fcksektir ve i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00fczerindeki delik say\u0131s\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcretim hatt\u0131, \u00fcretimde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan delme ve kaynak teknolojisini entegre eder. Say\u0131sal kontrol teknolojisi ile b\u00fck\u00fclmeden sonra delik konumu do\u011frulu\u011fu etkin bir \u015fekilde kontrol edilebilir. Silindirli orta ve y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 kaynak ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i lazer kaynak teknolojisi de \u00c7in'de olgunla\u015ft\u0131 ve uyguland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u015eekil 4 tampon<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Y\u00fcksek mukavemetli profil \u00fcretim ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In view of the characteristics of large output of auto parts, strict on-time production and relatively high precision requirements, its production equipment mostly adopts automatic line as the rolling part of bumper body, and its production process is from uncoiling – (leveling) – head cutting butt welding; From feeding punching (embossing) unit to roll forming, cutting and on-line welding technology, the requirements of automation and reliability are higher and higher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fcksek mukavemetli (genellikle 1200-1450mpa'dan daha az \u00e7ekme mukavemeti) so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f profilin ge\u00e7i\u015fi, \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i veya \u00e7evrimd\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak i\u015flenebilir. Bununla birlikte, \u00fcretim verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, silindir tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 etkilemeyen par\u00e7alar, rulo \u015fekillendirmeden \u00f6nce genellikle yerel olarak z\u0131mbalan\u0131r ve \u00e7o\u011funun \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i olarak \u00f6nceden z\u0131mbalanmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6nceden delinmi\u015f \u015feridin \u015fekillendirme s\u00fcrecinde, delik pozisyonu kaymas\u0131, delik \u015fekli bozulmas\u0131 ve hatta \u00fcr\u00fcn do\u011frulu\u011funu etkileyecek ve hurda oran\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak olan haddeleme deformasyon mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 ve geri esnemeyi de\u011fi\u015ftirecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1 a\u00e7\u0131k y\u00fcksek mukavemetli profilin haddeleme \u00fcretim hatt\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Karakteristik i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131, kap\u0131 e\u015fi\u011fi ve tampon g\u00f6vdesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Geleneksel rulo \u015fekillendirme i\u015flemiyle ayn\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu bobin a\u00e7ma, rulo \u015fekillendirme ve kesme \u00fcniteleri ile \u00fcretilebilir ve ard\u0131ndan kesimden sonra damgalama i\u015flemi yap\u0131labilir. Aradaki fark, y\u00fcksek mukavemetli so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f profil \u015fekillendirme makinesinin, geri esnemeyi azaltmak ve \u00fcr\u00fcn do\u011frulu\u011funu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yeterince rijit ve daha y\u00fcksek do\u011frulu\u011fa sahip olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. Ark b\u00fckme, karma\u015f\u0131k ge\u00e7i\u015f ve yerel \u00f6n d\u0131\u015fb\u00fckey gerektiren kesit \u00e7eli\u011fi i\u00e7in, tesviye makinesi ve on-line z\u0131mbalama ekipman\u0131 ile donat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7evrimi\u00e7i delme makinesi genellikle hidrolik pres ve \u00e7ok modlu hidrolik pres kullan\u0131r ve mekanik bas\u0131n\u00e7 da se\u00e7ilebilir, ancak uygulanabilir aral\u0131k nispeten dard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u00e7\u0131k tamponun b\u00fck\u00fclme yay\u0131 nispeten karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek mukavemetli \u00e7elik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn geri esnemesinin kontrol edilmesi zor oldu\u011fundan ve \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i b\u00fckmede kenar\u0131n buru\u015fmas\u0131 kolay oldu\u011fundan, haddeleme \u015fekillendirme ekipman\u0131 anahtard\u0131r. Tabii ki, hat \u00e7ekmeli b\u00fck\u00fcm ile de tamamlanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2 kapal\u0131 y\u00fcksek mukavemetli profilin otomatik haddeleme \u00fcretim hatt\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kapal\u0131 tamponun yuvarlanan k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 genellikle B tipidir. Kaynakl\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu profilin ortas\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u015eekillendirmeden sonra, iki metal tabakas\u0131n\u0131n, esas olarak rulo kaynak i\u015flemi ile birbirine kaynaklanmas\u0131 gerekir. Boru \u015feklindeki \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma \u00f6nleyici \u00e7ubuk, y\u00fcksek frekans veya lazerle kaynaklanabilen al\u0131n kaynakl\u0131d\u0131r. Galvanizli sac i\u00e7in, y\u00fcksek kaynak mukavemeti ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u0131s\u0131dan etkilenen b\u00f6lge ile lazer kayna\u011f\u0131 en iyisidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hangi kaynak y\u00f6ntemi benimsenirse benimsensin, kaynak sonras\u0131 \u015fekillendirme yeterli olacak ve gerekti\u011finde \u015fekillendirme pasolar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ma\u00e7a kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Ark b\u00fckme s\u0131ras\u0131nda, kal\u0131p tasar\u0131m\u0131 deformasyonu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kesit \u00f6zelliklerini dikkate al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2.1 \u0130ki profil haddeleme hatt\u0131 i\u00e7in genel donan\u0131m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fcksek mukavemetli haddelenmi\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde otomasyonu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in profil par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flenmesini tek seferde tamamlamak i\u00e7in z\u0131mbalama, kabartma, b\u00fckme, kaynak ve derin \u00e7ekme gibi i\u015fleme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri \u00fcretim hatt\u0131na entegre edilmelidir. Haddeleme teknolojisinin olgunla\u015fmas\u0131 ve optik, elektrik ve hidrolik kontrol teknolojisinin geli\u015fmesiyle, y\u00fcksek mukavemetli par\u00e7alar\u0131n otomatik \u00fcretimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2460 Rulo a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131: esas olarak y\u00fcksek elastikiyete sahip y\u00fcksek mukavemetli malzemelerin \u00f6zellikleri ile birle\u015fti\u011finde, g\u00fcvenli \u00fcretim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in presleme ve a\u00e7\u0131lmay\u0131 \u00f6nleme i\u015flevleri gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2461 Tesviye makinesi: Genel olarak tesviye makinesinin on-line z\u0131mbalama rulo hatt\u0131 presleme i\u00e7in gerekli bir ekipman oldu\u011funa inan\u0131l\u0131r, ancak uygulama, y\u00fcksek mukavemetli malzemelerle so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in tesviye makinesinin kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck delik konumu gereksinimleri ve dar profil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2462 Delme \u00fcnitesi: Bu t\u00fcr malzemelerin uzunlu\u011fu genellikle 900-1500 mm'dir ve \u00e7o\u011fu tek seferlik delmeyi benimser, bu nedenle b\u00fcy\u00fck masa tablal\u0131 ekipman\u0131 se\u00e7mek gerekir. Uyarlanabilirli\u011fi art\u0131rmak ve yat\u0131r\u0131m maliyetini azaltmak i\u00e7in h\u0131zl\u0131 hidrolik pres tercih edilen ekipmand\u0131r. Gerekirse, par\u00e7alara tan\u0131mlama damgas\u0131n\u0131 tamamlamak i\u00e7in bir kabartma makinesi eklenebilir. Geleneksel silindir bask\u0131 i\u015flemi, silindir veriyolunda yaz\u0131 yazmay\u0131 gerektirdi\u011finden, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda yaz\u0131 tipinin d\u00fc\u015fmesi kolayd\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca malzemenin y\u00fcksek y\u00fczey sertli\u011fi nedeniyle art\u0131k uygulanamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2463 Rulo \u015fekillendirme makinesi: Geleneksel \u015fekillendirme makinesinden farkl\u0131 olarak, y\u00fcksek mukavemetli levhan\u0131n haddelenmesine uyum sa\u011flamas\u0131 gerekir, bu nedenle s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f performans\u0131n\u0131n, ekipman sertli\u011finin ve iletim do\u011frulu\u011funun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iyile\u015ftirilmesi gerekir. Kemer deste\u011finin h\u0131zl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fen yap\u0131s\u0131 da s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yar\u0131 otomatik kontroll\u00fc pn\u00f6matik \u00e7eneli kavrama yap\u0131s\u0131, \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcretimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in se\u00e7ilebilir. Rulo hassasiyeti ve a\u015f\u0131nma direnci, y\u00fcksek mukavemetli haddelenmi\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n istikrarl\u0131 \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2464 Kesme makinesi: genellikle hidrolik kesme benimsenmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fcksek mukavemetli haddelenmi\u015f par\u00e7alar i\u00e7in kesme i\u015flemi daha fazla \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretecektir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, 1000MPa'n\u0131n \u00fczerindeki malzeme akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle, aletin hizmet \u00f6mr\u00fc nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bu nedenle b\u0131\u00e7ak kenar\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131 ve kal\u0131p malzemesi se\u00e7imi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2.2 \u00fcretim hatt\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel proses ekipman\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1) \u00c7evrimi\u00e7i kaynak ekipman\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esas olarak on-line kaynak ve s\u00fcrekli \u00fcretim gerektiren kapal\u0131 so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f \u00e7elikler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle otomobil g\u00fcvenlik par\u00e7alar\u0131 olarak haddelenmi\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n s\u00fcrecini etkileyen kilit noktad\u0131r. \u015eu anda \u00c7in'de kullan\u0131lan iki ana kaynak y\u00f6ntemi vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2460 Aral\u0131kl\u0131 rulo kayna\u011f\u0131: Aral\u0131kl\u0131 rulo kayna\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda rulo s\u00fcrekli d\u00f6ner, i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 s\u00fcrekli hareket eder ve ak\u0131m i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131ndan aral\u0131kl\u0131 olarak ge\u00e7er. Olu\u015fturulan kaynak, \u00fcst \u00fcste binen k\u00fcl\u00e7elerden olu\u015fur. Otomatik kontrol sayesinde kaynak noktas\u0131 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, kaynak ak\u0131m\u0131 ve on-line d\u00fczeltme elektrotlu kaynak \u00e7ark\u0131 ayarlanabilir. Ak\u0131m aral\u0131kl\u0131 olarak ge\u00e7ti\u011fi i\u00e7in silindir, dahili so\u011futma ve ek harici so\u011futma ile tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dinlenme s\u00fcresinde, silindir ve i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 so\u011futulabilir, b\u00f6ylece silindirin hizmet \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzatabilir, \u0131s\u0131dan etkilenen b\u00f6lgenin geni\u015fli\u011fini ve i\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 deformasyonunu azaltabilir ve s\u00fcrekli rulo kayna\u011f\u0131 dezavantaj\u0131 olmadan daha iyi kaynak kalitesi elde edebilir. Tabii ki dezavantaj, aral\u0131kl\u0131 rulo kayna\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, k\u00fcl\u00e7e so\u011fudu\u011funda, rulo plakas\u0131n\u0131n kaynak alan\u0131n\u0131 terk etmesi, yeterli d\u00f6vme i\u015fleminin olmamas\u0131 ve k\u00fcl\u00e7enin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda kristalle\u015fmesi, bu da y\u00fczey a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131, b\u00fcz\u00fclme \u00fcretmesi kolayd\u0131r. bo\u015fluk ve \u00e7atlak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu anda, y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 kaynak ve orta frekansl\u0131 kaynak yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Orta frekansl\u0131 kaynak frekans\u0131 1000Hz'dir, bu da 50Hz g\u00fc\u00e7 frekans\u0131n\u0131n kaynak kontrol\u00fcnden daha h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. Orta frekans kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n mevcut tepki s\u00fcresi 1 ms'dir ve bu, 20 ms'lik g\u00fc\u00e7 frekans\u0131ndan 20 kat daha h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. Kaynak kalitesini daha iyi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in ayar do\u011frulu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Due to the poor elongation of high-strength plate, especially ultra-high-strength steel with tensile strength greater than 780MPa, it is inevitable to produce special-shaped cold-formed steel by rolling composite forming process, such as bumper body, anti-collision bar, door sill, seat rail, etc. However, different cold-formed parts with holes need to use on-line blanking, welding, automatic cutting…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":20974,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/\u56fe\u72473.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20970"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20970"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20970\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20974"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20970"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}